- Introduction and Course Overview
- Radio Spectrum Fundamentals
- Current Trends in Spectrum Usage
- Administrative Divisions of the Frequency Spectrum
- Cognitive Radio
- Modern Modulation Techniques and Systems
- Spectrum Monitoring Future and Challenges: A Summary and Discussion
- Modulations and Signal Types Overview
- Modulations in Communication and Broadcasting Systems
- Types of Analog Modulations and Signal Reception
- Amplitude Modulation
- Angle Modulations (FM/PM)
- Types of Digital Modulations and Signal Reception
- Amplitude Shift Keying
- Phase Shift Keying
- Frequency Shift Keying
- Multiplex and Multiple Access
- TDM/TDMA
- FDM/FDMA
- CDM/CDMA
- OFDM
- Modulations and Signal Types: Session Review and Discussion
- Radio Monitoring Equipment
- Problems, Classification and Structure of Radio Monitoring Equipment
- Design Philosophy and Constraints
- Design of Heterodyne N-Port Network Analyzer
- Block Diagram
- Design of the Test Set
- Constancy of the Wave
- Reflection Tracking
- Directivity
- Implementation of the Directional Element
- VSWR Bridge
- Directional Coupler
- Other Components of the Test Set
- Receiver Step Attenuators
- Generator Attenuators
- Active and Passive Test Sets
- Generator
- Reference and Measurement Receiver
- Tuned Radio Measurements Receiver
- Main Radio Receiver Parameters
- Measurement Procedure
- S-Parameter Measurement Procedure
- Measurement Data Processing Chain
- Trace Generation
- Main Setting Parameters
- User Interface
- Channel Settings
- Trace Settings
- Remote Control of the Instrument
- Usage of Simple Digital Signals
- Protocol-Based Interfaces
- Automation
- Simplified Implementations
- N+1 Receiver Analyzer
- Network Analyzer with N-Port Switching Matrix
- Design of a Network Analyzer: Session Review and Discussion
- Measurement Accuracy and Calibration
- Reduction of Random Measurement Errors
- Thermal Drift
- Repeatability
- Noise
- Correction of Systematic Measurement Errors
- Nonlinear Influences
- Linear Influences
- Calibration Standards
- Coaxial Calibration Standards
- Waveguide Calibration Standards
- Microstrip Calibration Standards
- Coplanar Calibration Standards
- Uniform Model of the Calibration Standards
- Linear Error Models and Calibration Techniques
- 3-Term Error Model (OSM Technique)
- 7-Term Error Model (Different Techniques)
- 10-Term and 12-Term Error Models (TOSM Technique)
- 15-Term Error Model (TOM-X technique)
- Incomplete Calibration Techniques
- Verification
- T-check and Beatty Standard
- Measurement of the Effective System Data
- Analysis of the Measurement Uncertainty
- Measurement Accuracy and Calibration: Session Review and Discussion
- Reduction of Random Measurement Errors
- Examples of Linear Measurements
- Performing a TOM Calibration
- Performing a TNA Calibration
- Measurement of the Reflection Coefficient and SWR
- Measurement of Group Delay and Phase Delay
- Measurement of Stability
- Measurement of the Far-End and Near-End Crosstalk
- Filter with Balanced and Unbalanced Port, Imbalance and Common-Mode Rejection
- Measurement of Switching Times and Drift Effects
- Measurement of the Efficiency
- Linear Measurements: Session Review and Discussion
- Time Domain Measurements
- Impulse and Step Response
- Time-Domain Analysis of Linear RF Networks
- Time domain Reflectometry Using an Oscilloscope
- Fourier Transform
- Numerical Inverse Fourier Transform
- Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform
- Windowing
- Bandpass Mode
- Time-Domain Option
- Operation in Lowpass Mode
- Operation in Bandpass Mode
- Benefits of Extrapolation
- Processing Sequence
- Time Gate
- Time Domain Measurements: Session Review and Discussion
- Examples of Time Domain Measurements
- Measurements on a SAW Filter in the Time Domain
- RF Imaging for Nondestructive Evaluation
- Examples of Time Domain Measurements: Session Review and Discussion
- Nonlinear Measurements
- Features Used for Nonlinear Measurements
- Automatic Level Control
- Source Power Calibration
- Receiver Power Calibration
- Power Sweep
- Multiple Source Concept
- Arbitrary Mode
- Direct Generator and Receiver Access
- Power Sensors as Receivers
- External Generator Control
- Additional Equipment
- Measurement of the Detector Characteristic
- Harmonics
- Model of Harmonic Distortions
- Measurement of the Harmonics and Their Intercept Point
- Intermodulation
- Model of Intermodulation Distortions
- Measurement of the Harmonics and Their Intercept Point
- Non Linear Measurements: Session Review and Discussion
- Features Used for Nonlinear Measurements
- Mixer Measurements
- Signals and Parameters for a Mixer
- Input and Output Signals of a Mixer
- Higher Order Mixing Products
- Important Mixer Parameters
- Example of Mixer Measurements
- Example of Measurements on a Down-Converting Module
- Frequency Extension
- Mixer Measurements: Session Review and Discussion
- Signals and Parameters for a Mixer
- Antenna and Radar Cross Section Measurements
- Antenna Measurements
- Important Antenna Measurement Quantities
- Radar Cross Section Measurements
- Antenna Measurements: Session Review and Discussion
- Course Recap and Conclusion